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Employment Law

Wage & Hour Claims

Unpaid wages, overtime violations, minimum wage issues, and tip theft are actionable under both the Fair Labor Standards Act and New York Labor Law.

25 articles from 2009–2026 · 19 current · 0 reviewed case notes · by Jason Tenenbaum

Current articles

Articles the firm treats as current: published since 2024, or older and re-checked against today's law. Most recently published or reviewed first.

How the firm handles these matters

Older archive

Case notes as they were written at the time. They have not been re-checked against later decisions, so treat them as history and confirm the current rule before relying on one.

Frequently asked questions

How does independent contractor status affect no-fault claims?

Independent contractor status changes how lost earnings are proved and offset, not whether first-party benefits are owed. Under Insurance Law § 5102(a)(2), first-party benefits cover loss of earnings from work the injured person would have performed, up to $2,000 per month for up to three years, whatever the person's employment label. Under Insurance Law § 5102(b)(2), those benefits are reduced by workers' compensation benefits recovered or recoverable, so an employee hurt on the job looks first to workers' compensation while a true independent contractor usually has none. A contractor should expect to document earnings with tax returns, 1099 forms and invoices rather than a pay stub.

What is the test for independent contractor status in New York?

New York courts ask about control. In Bynog v. Cipriani Group, 1 N.Y.3d 193 (2003), the Court of Appeals held that the critical inquiry is the degree of control the purported employer exercises over the results produced or the means used to achieve them, and listed as relevant factors whether the worker worked at his own convenience, was free to engage in other employment, received fringe benefits, was on the payroll, and was on a fixed schedule. In construction, Labor Law § 861-c presumes a person performing services for a contractor is an employee unless three independence criteria are all met; Labor Law § 862-b does the same for trucking.

How does misclassification as an independent contractor affect my rights?

Misclassification can open protections that follow employee status. Unpaid wages, overtime and liquidated damages are recoverable under Labor Law § 198 within six years. Labor Law § 740 already protects natural persons employed as independent contractors from retaliation for reporting suspected violations of law. For a car accident, an employee injured in the course of work looks to workers' compensation, which reduces first-party benefits under Insurance Law § 5102(b)(2); a worker wrongly labeled a contractor may have been left without that coverage, and the classification question should be raised with the Workers' Compensation Board. A written contract calling you a contractor does not settle the question; control does.

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